Our daily contact with the sound, the most intuitive feeling is the bass effect of sound first, and then just the tenor. Therefore, we will understand what factors have the biggest impact on the sound quality of the bass speaker.
Firstly, the frequency is affected. Through the frequency divider, the bass monomer is only responsible for a certain low frequency, and the upper limit of the frequency response of the monomer itself should be one or two times higher than the frequency divider, so as to ensure that the working frequency is in a relatively linear area and reduce the use of additional components for correction. For example, at a crossover point of 500Hz, the effective frequency response of the bassoons needs to be 1000Hz, or even 1500Hz, and the more linear the better.
The second is to withstand the power, because the power of the woofer takes up more than half of the input of the whole speaker, the power bearing of the subwoofer, become the basis of the speaker this parameter.
Then is the impedance, speaker is generally marked according to the characteristics of the bass monomer, it is possible that other frequency band impedance is lower than the nominal impedance, the lowest impedance is not more than 20% or many may be greater than 100%, no matter the impedance is high or low, the transistor amplifier brings different degrees of difficulty to promote. A speaker with a rated impedance of 8 ohms is easier to push than a speaker with a rated impedance of 4 ohms. Speakers above 8 ohms will cut transistor amplifier output.
The fourth is sensitivity, high sensitivity has two advantages, one is the amplifier output can be smaller power; Second, monomer does not have to eat too much power, can produce enough sound pressure. For each additional 3dB of horn sensitivity, the required power is halved and the same sound pressure is obtained.
The fifth is diffusion (directivity), when the wavelength is close to the caliber size of the bass, sound diffusion will narrow. The higher the frequency, the shorter the wavelength and the narrower the diffusivity. Based on this characteristic, the coordination and selection of woofer caliber and crossover point need to be considered carefully. Reverse perforation of bass to the ground 360 degrees of sound, can improve bass diffusion, the establishment of a large sound stage. In principle, the larger the bass, the lower the frequency response range, and the dividing point should move down. High fax requires that the horizontal diffusion of bassoons is ±60 degrees and does not exceed -6dB; Vertical ±20 degrees is -6dB. The characteristics of vertical diffusion Angle of monomer are more strict than that of horizontal Angle, which accords with the auditory characteristics of human ear. Horizontal is more sensitive than vertical.
Finally, Q value, according to the characteristics of the bass, basically determines the damping matching requirements between the speaker and the amplifier (box design and sound-absorbing cotton are affected). High Q speaker with high damping characteristics amplifier; Low Q speakers with low damping characteristics of the amplifier, so that the sound control and music aftertaste does not tilt to either side. The sound-absorbing material in this soundbox can change the total Q value of the speaker.
These basic speaker parameters will affect the sound quality of the woofer, if you want to know more come to XDEC speaker manufacturers and professional people to learn together.